This is an exhaustive review of the laws of physics as related to physical reality with significant emphasis on the mathematical component. The author is an outstanding mathematical physicist of our times, and in this book of 1100 pages, he describes the concept of space, time, and matter (energy) in terms of classical physics, quantum physics, string theory and its derivatives.<br><br>In physics, the behavior of objects is understood in terms of the action of a force; a vector quantity, which has both magnitude and direction. The force acts on a matter and produces a causative action that results in an effect. The cause - effect is one of the fundamental aspects of classical reality, but it gets fuzzy and uncertain at submicroscopic levels (quantum physical reality.) The main object of physical law is to describe the reality we observe. Our observation includes this universe that is made of space, time, matter, and energy. All objects are made of matter, which exists as complex structures composed of molecules, atoms and fundamental particles. Matter is also a form of energy and the two forms can interconvert as described by the Einstein's famous equation. The fundamental particles has certain physical properties and the manner in which energy (and force) is expressed is though their association with the so called force particles that are responsible for four fundamental forces that operate in nature, they are; electromagnetism, gravity, strong and weak nuclear forces. The four forces mediate matter-matter interaction and facilitate matter-energy conversions in spacetime and thus explain physical reality. The key to the understanding of nature and physical reality is to discover a theory that satisfactorily explains all the four forces and this theory must be experimentally verifiable. Unfortunately, this has not been achieved so far, but we have theories that can be verified but explains only three forces. One single physical theory that explains both quantum and classical realities have not been successful mainly because the nature of gravitational force (curved spacetime) is difficult to describe in a unified situation, since space and time at the most fundamental level are also quantized (exist in discrete quanta) and are they dynamic (not static background).<br><br>To understand this book the reader is required to have undergraduate level physics and mathematics; the author explains in the introductory part of the book why he chose to include mathematics despite its negative impact on the book's marketing potential. It would suffice to say that the interplay between mathematical ideas and physical behavior played an important aesthetic role in the minds of great physicists, and Albert Einstein is one of the most important figures in being attracted aesthetically to a particular idea. You can skip chapters 1-16, and from chapters 17-30, general discussion about geometry of spacetime, quantum physics, quantum field theory, quantum cosmology and the standard model of particle physics is presented. I found the last four chapters to be most interesting.<br><br>A brief summary is as follows: The unification of special relativity and quantum theory led to quantum field theory (QFT) which produced a minefield of infinities, but with some ingenuity, the infinity problem was circumvented leading to standard model of particle physics which is in good agreement with nature. The controversy between the quantum relativity group and the QFT side is that the latter group tries renormalizability or finiteness as the primary goal, but the former group likes to solve the conceptual difficulties between the two theories. The combination of two theories of particles physics into one framework to describe all interactions of subatomic particles, except due to gravity, is called standard model. These two theories are electroweak theory and quantum chromodynamics. They describe force interactions between particles in terms of exchange of intermediary particles. The author also engages the reader in an insightful discussion of many other theories.<br><br>1.&nbsp;
  
What Is Life?: with "Mind and Matter" and "Autobiographical Sketches"







  
  
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Quantum Physics: Illusion or Reality? (Canto)







  
  
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The Emperor's New Mind: Concerning Computers, Minds, and the Laws of Physics (Popular Science)